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A recent report from the UN’s World Population Prospects 2024 reveals the top 10 countries experiencing significant emigration, with Pakistan leading the list. In 2023, Pakistan saw a net negative migration of 1.62 million people, followed closely by Sudan with 1.35 million.
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Asian nations dominate the ranking, with India, China, and Bangladesh also experiencing substantial emigration.
Top 10 Countries by Brain Drain
1. Pakistan (-1.62 million)
– Political instability and security concerns
– Limited economic opportunities and corruption
– Lack of quality education and healthcare
2. Sudan (-1.35 million)
– Ongoing conflict and humanitarian crisis
– Economic sanctions and poverty
– Limited access to education and job opportunities
3. India (-979,000)
– Limited job opportunities and career growth
– Brain drain in key sectors like healthcare and technology
– Attractive opportunities abroad
4. China (-568,000)
– Government restrictions and censorship
– Limited academic and artistic freedom
– Attractive opportunities abroad
5. Bangladesh (-550,000)
– Political instability and corruption
– Limited economic opportunities and poverty
– Overpopulation and resource constraints
6. Nepal (-410,000)
– Political instability and corruption
– Limited economic opportunities and poverty
– Lack of quality education and healthcare
7. Türkiye (-318,000)
– Political instability and human rights concerns
– Economic uncertainty and inflation
– Limited academic and artistic freedom
8. Ukraine (-300,000)
– Ongoing conflict and political instability
– Economic uncertainty and corruption
– Limited access to education and job opportunities
9. Brazil (-240,000)
– Economic uncertainty and corruption
– Limited job opportunities and career growth
– Attractive opportunities abroad
10. Philippines (-164,000)
– Limited job opportunities and career growth
– Brain drain in key sectors like healthcare and technology
– Attractive opportunities abroad
What Can Be Done to Address Brain Drain?
Policymakers must address the root causes of this drain, including:
– Improving economic opportunities and job growth
– Enhancing education and healthcare systems
– Promoting political stability and human rights
– Encouraging innovation and entrepreneurship
By understanding the reasons behind brain drain, countries can take proactive steps to retain their talent and build a more sustainable future.